{"id":25743,"date":"2020-11-18T13:22:59","date_gmt":"2020-11-18T19:22:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/goldenti.com\/site\/?p=25743"},"modified":"2020-11-18T13:23:02","modified_gmt":"2020-11-18T19:23:02","slug":"los-robots-multiplican-su-autonomia-gracias-a-unas-baterias-que-replican-la-grasa-animal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/goldenti.com\/site\/los-robots-multiplican-su-autonomia-gracias-a-unas-baterias-que-replican-la-grasa-animal\/","title":{"rendered":"Los robots multiplican su autonom\u00eda gracias a unas bater\u00edas que replican la grasa animal"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Las nuevas bater\u00edas de zinc son adaptables y modulares, de forma similar a las reservas de energ\u00eda de los animales, y se distribuyen por toda la estructura del robot.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Por mala prensa que tenga, la grasa corporal cumple una importante funci\u00f3n evolutiva: acumular reservas de energ\u00eda para momentos de escasez y amortiguar posibles golpes. A diferencia de los robots, los seres humanos y otros animales no almacenan su energ\u00eda en un compartimento espec\u00edfico, sino que la distribuyen por diversas zonas del cuerpo. De lo contrario, tendr\u00edamos que llevar a cuestas un saco de grasa, lo que ser\u00eda muy ineficiente ala hora de transformarla en energ\u00eda. Y quiz\u00e1 un poco antiest\u00e9tico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En cambio, las m\u00e1quinas deben incorporar una carga espec\u00edfica dedicada, lo que aumenta el peso y el tama\u00f1o de la estructura, llegando a ocupar la quinta parte de su espacio. Sin embargo, un innovador proyecto tecnol\u00f3gico <\/strong>podr\u00eda cambiar eso sustancialmente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En la Universidad de Michigan han desarrollado unas bater\u00edas que han bautizado como \u201cbiom\u00f3rficas\u201d y que imitan la grasa corporal de los animales. Esta tecnolog\u00eda, basada en el zinc en lugar del litio, es m\u00e1s eficiente, ya que cumple una doble funci\u00f3n: como estructura protectora o caparaz\u00f3n y como almac\u00e9n de energ\u00eda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En los experimentos que han llevado a cabo, las nuevas bater\u00edas estructurales han generado hasta 72 veces m\u00e1s energ\u00eda que una bater\u00eda de litio convencional. En t\u00e9rminos t\u00e9cnicos, las nuevas bater\u00edas funcionan transmitiendo iones de hidr\u00f3xido desde un electrodo de zinc a trav\u00e9s de una red de nanofibras de aramida, que son las que se utilizan en la fabricaci\u00f3n del Kevlar, y un gel de pol\u00edmeros con base de agua. En este caso, el gel se encarga de conducir los iones de un electrodo a otro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baratas y ecol\u00f3gicas… aunque con alguna pega<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Una de las ventajas de esta innovadora tecnolog\u00eda es que los materiales empleados son baratos, abundantes y, en su mayor parte, no t\u00f3xicos. De hecho, ser\u00eda posible reciclar los chalecos protectores de Kevlar para fabricar estos nuevos dispositivos. Adem\u00e1s, ni el gel ni las fibras son inflamables, lo que reduce el peligro de incendios y explosiones al que se exponen las versiones de litio. Aunque no todo son ventajas: las bater\u00edas de zinc comienzan a degradarse tras los cien ciclos de carga, una quinta parte de los ciclos que ofrecen las de litio hasta la fecha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En cualquier caso, si se supera este obst\u00e1culo, la elevada densidad de las nuevas bater\u00edas y su bajo precio las convierte en candidatas id\u00f3neas para robots que requieran una mayor autonom\u00eda, como es el caso de los drones o veh\u00edculos que trabajan en almacenes o en reparto de paqueter\u00eda. Adem\u00e1s, podr\u00edan tener aplicaciones de inter\u00e9s en el campo de los robots microsc\u00f3picos y flexibles, que requerir\u00e1n soluciones energ\u00e9ticas m\u00e1s imaginativas que las aparatosas bater\u00edas de toda la vida. Aunque, quiz\u00e1, un d\u00eda hasta los robots tengan que ponerse a dieta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si quieres ver estas m\u00e1quinas en acci\u00f3n, que en los experimentos cobran forma de alacranes y otros invertebrados, puedes echar un vistazo a este curioso v\u00eddeo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fuente: <\/strong>Universidad de Michigan<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Las nuevas bater\u00edas de zinc son adaptables y modulares, de forma similar a las reservas de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":25744,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25743","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticas"],"yoast_head":"\nLos robots multiplican su autonom\u00eda gracias a unas bater\u00edas que replican la grasa animal -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/goldenti.com\/site\/los-robots-multiplican-su-autonomia-gracias-a-unas-baterias-que-replican-la-grasa-animal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Los robots 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