{"id":25781,"date":"2020-11-19T14:21:02","date_gmt":"2020-11-19T20:21:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/goldenti.com\/site\/?p=25781"},"modified":"2020-11-19T14:21:06","modified_gmt":"2020-11-19T20:21:06","slug":"una-planta-artificial-para-producir-combustible-liquido","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/goldenti.com\/site\/una-planta-artificial-para-producir-combustible-liquido\/","title":{"rendered":"Una planta artificial para producir combustible l\u00edquido."},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Esta nueva tecnolog\u00eda, desarrollada por la Universidad de Cambridge, permite prescindir de combustibles f\u00f3siles y es neutral en carbono.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Imaginemos por un momento la posibilidad de aprovechar los mecanismos energ\u00e9ticos de las plantas para sintetizar productos qu\u00edmicos sin residuos contaminantes. Es decir, que por medio de un equivalente a la fotos\u00edntesis<\/strong> se pudieran producir combustibles sin contaminar el medio ambiente<\/strong> en el proceso. Todo ello, recurriendo simplemente a la luz solar y un catalizador. Ese es el proyecto tecnol\u00f3gico del profesor Erwin Meisner, perteneciente al departamento de qu\u00edmica de la Universidad de Cambridge en el Reino Unido. Meisner y su equipo se han inspirado en la fotos\u00edntesis para crear un nuevo tipo de hojas artificiales capaces de producir sinteg\u00e1s<\/strong>, un tipo de gas sint\u00e9tico. A diferencia de otros procesos, esta innovadora tecnolog\u00eda<\/strong> no genera di\u00f3xido de carbono ni otros residuos. Los resultados de la investigaci\u00f3n, que ha requerido siete a\u00f1os de trabajo, acaban de publicarse en la revista cient\u00edfica Nature Materials<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El proceso concreto para la generaci\u00f3n de sinteg\u00e1s<\/strong> que se utiliza como combustible y en la producci\u00f3n de f\u00e1rmacos, pl\u00e1sticos y fertilizantes es relativamente sencillo. El ingrediente principal, tal como sucede con la fotos\u00edntesis es la luz solar<\/strong>, si bien la tecnolog\u00eda tambi\u00e9n funciona en d\u00edas poco soleados, incluso nublados y lluviosos. La \u201choja\u201d incorpora dos elementos de absorci\u00f3n de luz junto con un catalizador basado en el cobalto, un elemento abundante en la naturaleza y m\u00e1s barato que los metales preciosos usados habitualmente como el platino o la plata. Por otro lado, los elementos de absorci\u00f3n lum\u00ednica utilizan perovskita, que generan una potente corriente el\u00e9ctrica. Una vez que el dispositivo se sumerge en agua, el primer elemento genera ox\u00edgeno en combinaci\u00f3n con el cobalto, mientras que el otro reduce el di\u00f3xido de carbono y el agua a mon\u00f3xido de carbono e hidr\u00f3geno. Los tres elementos combinados son la base para producir sinteg\u00e1s<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Seg\u00fan los desarrolladores de esta \u201choja\u201d sint\u00e9tica, las versiones creadas anteriormente por otros investigadores solo produc\u00edan hidr\u00f3geno. Ahora esta nueva tecnolog\u00eda abre la puerta a una producci\u00f3n de energ\u00eda sostenible. En cierta manera, el m\u00e9todo de producci\u00f3n de sinteg\u00e1s<\/strong> ideado por los ingenieros de Cambrigde es otra forma de energ\u00eda solar. La \u00fanica diferencia es que, en lugar de producir electricidad, la energ\u00eda resultante tiene forma de combustible. Dado que el sinteg\u00e1s es solo la base para producir combustibles l\u00edquidos<\/strong>, el siguiente paso para el equipo de Meisner ser\u00e1 crear el combustible directamente a partir de agua y di\u00f3xido de carbono.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un complemento a los motores el\u00e9ctricos<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Aunque la electrificaci\u00f3n del parque automovil\u00edstico es imparable, los veh\u00edculos de transporte pesados a\u00fan est\u00e1n lejos de apuntarse a la revoluci\u00f3n. Los motores el\u00e9ctricos siguen siendo poco eficientes en el caso de barcos y aviones. La soluci\u00f3n pasa por empezar a emplear gas licuado o combustibles l\u00edquidos sint\u00e9ticos sostenibles, capaces de alimentar motores de explosi\u00f3n y turbinas sin emitir gases de efecto invernadero o part\u00edculas t\u00f3xicas. Otra de las ventajas de la producci\u00f3n de combustibles sint\u00e9ticos<\/strong> es que se utiliza di\u00f3xido de carbono para su producci\u00f3n. T\u00e9cnicamente, se podr\u00edan emplear mecanismos de captura de di\u00f3xido de carbono atmosf\u00e9rico<\/strong> o procedente de las emisiones de f\u00e1bricas para dedicarlo a la producci\u00f3n de combustible. \u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fuente:<\/strong> Universidad de Cambridge<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Esta nueva tecnolog\u00eda, desarrollada por la Universidad de Cambridge, permite prescindir de combustibles f\u00f3siles y es […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":25783,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25781","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticas"],"yoast_head":"\nUna planta artificial para producir combustible l\u00edquido. -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/goldenti.com\/site\/una-planta-artificial-para-producir-combustible-liquido\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Una planta artificial para producir combustible 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